#!/usr/bin/perl

#############
#
# Examples of perl's numeric formats, from pg 59 of the camel book
#
##################3

# When run via a web browser, this tells the browser that 
# what follows is text.
print "Content-type: text/plain\n\n";

$a[0] = 23;		# integer
$a[1] = 3.14;		# float
$a[2] = 6.02e23;	# scientific
$a[3] = 1_234_567.2;	# optional underline for legibility
$a[4] = 0377;           # octal (leading 0)
$a[5] = 0xffffff;	# hex (leading 0x)
$a[6] = 0b_1100_0011;   # binary (leading 0b)

# Perl's string formats, from pg and pg 403

$a[7] = 'hello $b';          # single quotes don't interpolate
$a[8] = "\n say: '$a[7]'\n"; # double quotes interpolate $x, @y, \n, \t, ...

$a[9] = q{jim};		# another single quote - {} can be any chars
$a[10] = qq!Joe\n!;	# another double quote - !! can be any chars

$a[11] = George;        # a "bareword" unrecognized by perl is converted
			# to a string - but you don't want to do this.
			# If warning are enabled, this will fail.

# A "Here is" document.
# The syntax can be confusing.  
# Think of the construction  
#    <<"chars" 
# as standing in for the  text which follows 
# *after* the perl statement which its in finishes.
$a[12] = <<"YOUR_END_MARK_HERE";  
 This is a longer string
 that extends over several lines
 and has a carriage return at the end.
YOUR_END_MARK_HERE

@foo = qw( one two );   # quote-words - same as ('one', 'two')

$c = v12.6.234.4;	# v (version) strings of 4 unicode "characters".
$d = 12.6.234.4;	# Same thing.  "v" is not needed if periods are used.
			# Also seen in syntax like "use 5.6.0;"

print " ---- a bunch of numbers and strings ----- \n\n";
print " @a \n";
print "printing an array: ", @foo, "\n";
print "interpolating an array: @foo \n";
printf("%vd \n",$c);  # "%vd" is the format for v-strings